Strategi Sosial Pencegahan Politik Uang di Indonesia
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Published:
Jun 26, 2019
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Abstract
Money politics in elections and local elections is a phenomenon that is prevalent in procedural democracies in Indonesia, especially since the direct elections in 2004. Voters are very familiar with the term money politics and also do not hesitate to accept gifts in the form of money and goods. This paper tries to offer an effort to prevent the practice of money politics seen from the sociological and psychological aspects of voters, by providing an understanding of cognitive and affective aspects to instill in the minds of voters that money politics is a crime and a fundamental violation of ethics and morals. Voters in electoral practice can be influenced by their choices if they are given goods assistance or giving money. Relations or relationships between candidates and voters occur in terms of voting, providing services and personal activities, providing goods, providing projects, electoral fraud, identity appearance and raising funds for candidates for regional head candidates. The voter's social capital and local wisdom are expected to reduce the practice of money politics.
Keywords: Social Capital, Local Wisdom, Money Politics
Article Details
How to Cite
Kurniawan, R. C., & Hermawan, D. (2019). Strategi Sosial Pencegahan Politik Uang di Indonesia. Integritas : Jurnal Antikorupsi, 5(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.32697/integritas.v5i1.338
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Articles
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
BUKU
Adler, P., Kwon S. 2000. Social Capital: the good, the bad and the ugly. In E. Lesser (Ed). Knowledge and Social Capital: Foundations and Applications. Butterworth-Heinemmann
Austin, Reginald dan Tjernstrom, Maja (eds). 2004. Handbook of funding of Political Parties and Election Campaign . Stockholm: Internasional IDEA
Budiarjo., Miriam. 2006. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta
Bunte, Marco dan Ufen, Andreas. 2009. Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia. London: Routledge
Bryan, Shari dan Baer, Denise. 2005. Money in Politics: A Study of Party Financing Practices in 22 Countries. Washington: National Democratic Institute for International Affairs (NDI)
Buchanan, James M dan Tullock, Gordon. 1999. The Calculus of Consent : Logical Foundation of Constitutional Democracy. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund
Cohen, S., Prusak L. 2001. In Good Company: How Social Capital Makes Organization Work. London: Harvard Business Pres.
Cox, Eva. 1995. A Truly Civil Society. Sydney:ABC Boook
Evans, Jocelyn A. 2004. Voter and Voting: An Introduction. London: Sage Publications.
Forest, Liacco dan Teresita Dy. 2000 . Controlling Illegal Influence of Money Politics. Washington DC: IFES
Hadiz, Vedi R .2010. Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective. Stanford: Stanford University Press
Harriss, John, dkk. 2005. Politicising Democracy ; The New Local Politics of Democratization. New York: Palgrave MacMillan
Hasbullah, J., 2006. Sosial Kapital: Menuju Keunggulan Budaya Manusia Indonesia. Jakarta: MR-United Press
Heywood, Andrew. 2007. Politics. Third Edition. New York: Palgrave Foundation
Hirschman, Albert O. 1970. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Hodess, Robin, dkk (eds) 2004. Global Corruption Report 2004: Special Focus Political Corruption, Londeon: Transparency International
Lau, Richard R dan Redlawsk, David P. 2006. How Voters Decide; Information Processing During Election Campaign. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Niemi, Richard G., dkk (eds), 2011. Controversies in Voting Behaviour, Fifth Edition. Washington DC: CQ Press.
Rifai, Amzulian. 2003. Politik Uang Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Indonesia . Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia
Schaffer, Frederic Charles (ed). 2007. Elections for Sale; The Causes and Consequences of Vote Buying. Manila: Ateneo De Manila University Press
Ward, Gene, dkk. 2003. Money in Politics Handbook: A Guide to Increasing Transparency in emerging Democracies. Technical Publication Series. Washington: USAID
Woshinsky, Oliver. H. 2008. Explaining Politics: Cultures, Institutions, and Political Behaviour, New York: Routledge
Yunus, Rasid. 2014. Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal (Local Genius) Sebagai Penguat Karakter Bangsa: Studi Empiris Tentang Huyula. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Zuckerman, Alan S (ed). 2005. The Social Logic of Politics: Personal Networks as Contexts for Political Behaviour. Philadelphia: Temple University Press
JURNAL
Bartels, Larry M. 2000. “Partisanship and Voting Behaviour 1952-1996, “American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 44, No.1 ( Jan 2000), hal. 35-50
Bratton, Michael. 2008. “Vote Buying and Violence in Nigerian Election Campaignâ€. Working Paper No 99. Afro Barometer, June 2008.
Bird, Kelly dan Hill. 2007. “Making Trade Policy in a New Democracy after a Deep Crisis: Indonesia, “Economics RSPAS Working Papers 2007-01, Australian National University.
Brusco, Valeria; nazareno, Marcelo and Stokes, Susan C. 2004. “Vote Buying in Argentinaâ€, Latin American Research Review, Volume 39 Nomor 2 June 2004, hal: 66-88
Buehler, Michael dan Tan, Paige. 2007. “Party –Candidate Relationship in Indonesian Local Politics: A Case Study of The 2005 Regional Elections in Gowa South Sulawesi Provinceâ€. Journal INDONESIA Nomor 84, October 2007, hal: 41-69
Fox, Jonathan. 1994 “ The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship; Lessons from Mexico,†World Politics, Volume 46 Nomor 2 hal 151-184, Juli 1994
Fukuyama, Francis (1995), Trust: The Social Virtues and The Creation of Prosperity, New York: the Free Press
Fukuyama, Francis (2000). Social Capital and Civil Society. International Monetary Fund Working Paper, WP/00/74, 1-8. In Elinor Ostrom and T.K. Ahn. 2003. Foundation of Social Capital. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
Hidayat, Syarief. 2007, “Shadow State� Business and Politics in the province of Banten, in Nordholt, Henk Schulte & van Klinken, Gerry. Renegotiating Boundaries, Local Politics in Post Soeharto Indonesia . KITLV Press Leiden, pp. 203-224
Liddle, William dan Mujani, Syaiful. 2007. “Leadership, Party and Religion: Explaining Voting Behaviour in Indonesia. “Comparative Political Studies, Volume 40 Nomor 7, hal 832-857.
Liddle, William dan Mujani, Syaiful. 2010. “Indonesia: Personalities, Parties and Voters†Journal of Democracy, Volume 21 No 2, hal, 35-49
Onyx, J (1996), “The Measure of Social Capitalâ€, paper presented to Australian and New Zealand Third Sector Research Conference on Social Cohesion, Justice and Citizenship: The Role of Voluntary Sector, Victoria University, Wellington
Schaffer, F.C and Schedler, A. 2007, “What is Vote Buyingâ€, in F.C. Schaffer (ed), Election for Sale: The Causes and Consequences of Vote Buying, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, pp. 17-30.
Stokes, Susan C. “Pervence Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina†American Political Science Review, Volume 99 No 3 tahun 2005, hal 315 -325.
Vicente, Pedro C dan Wantchekon, Leonard. 2009. “Clientelism and Vote Buying: Lessons from Field Experiments In African Electionsâ€. The Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 25 Nomor 2 Tahun 2009, hal:292-305
Woolcock, M & D. Narayan. 2000. Social Capital: Implication for Development Theory, Research, and Policy. World Bank Research Observer, 15(2), August, 225-49. In Elinor Ostrom and T.K. Ahn. 2003. Foundation of Social Capital. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
DOKUMEN dan SUMBER LAIN
Founding Fathers House. 2017. Persepsi Publik terhadap Politik Uang dan Peran Bawaslu.
Indikator Politik Indonesia, 2013. Sikap dan Perilaku Pemilih Terhadap Politik Uang, Survey Nasional Maret 2013.
Ismail S. 1999. Social Capital A Multifaceted Perspective. Washington DC: World Bank
LPPM Universitas AlMuslim Kabupaten Bireuen Aceh, 2015. Money Politic dalam Pemilu 2014 di Kabupaten Bireuen Aceh. KIP kabupaten Bireuen Aceh dan LPPM Universitas AlMuslim.
Nurdin, Ali, 2014. Politik Uang dan Perilaku Memilih dalam Pemilihan Gubernur Banten 2011 di Kabupaten Pandeglang. Disertasi Pasca Sarjana Universitas Padjadajaran.
KPU Kabupaten Bandung Barat, 2014. Praktek Politik Uang Pada Pemilu Legislatif 2014, Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Abdul Syani. Piil Pesenggiri : Falsafah Hidup Masyarakat Lampung https://www.nyokabar.com/berita-768-piil-pesenggiri--falsafah-hidup-masyarakat-lampung.html di akses 21 September 2018
Bob Aditya, Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah https://www.selasar.com/jurnal/36436/Adat-Basandi-Syarak-Syarak-Basandi-Kitabullah diunduh 21 September 2018
Robi Cahyadi Kurniawan, Bahaya Nalar Permisif Pemilih dalam Pemilu, https://news.detik.com/kolom/d-3464381/bahaya-nalar-permisif-pemilih-dalam-pemilu, diakses pada 20 September 2018.
BUKU
Adler, P., Kwon S. 2000. Social Capital: the good, the bad and the ugly. In E. Lesser (Ed). Knowledge and Social Capital: Foundations and Applications. Butterworth-Heinemmann
Austin, Reginald dan Tjernstrom, Maja (eds). 2004. Handbook of funding of Political Parties and Election Campaign . Stockholm: Internasional IDEA
Budiarjo., Miriam. 2006. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta
Bunte, Marco dan Ufen, Andreas. 2009. Democratization in Post-Suharto Indonesia. London: Routledge
Bryan, Shari dan Baer, Denise. 2005. Money in Politics: A Study of Party Financing Practices in 22 Countries. Washington: National Democratic Institute for International Affairs (NDI)
Buchanan, James M dan Tullock, Gordon. 1999. The Calculus of Consent : Logical Foundation of Constitutional Democracy. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund
Cohen, S., Prusak L. 2001. In Good Company: How Social Capital Makes Organization Work. London: Harvard Business Pres.
Cox, Eva. 1995. A Truly Civil Society. Sydney:ABC Boook
Evans, Jocelyn A. 2004. Voter and Voting: An Introduction. London: Sage Publications.
Forest, Liacco dan Teresita Dy. 2000 . Controlling Illegal Influence of Money Politics. Washington DC: IFES
Hadiz, Vedi R .2010. Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective. Stanford: Stanford University Press
Harriss, John, dkk. 2005. Politicising Democracy ; The New Local Politics of Democratization. New York: Palgrave MacMillan
Hasbullah, J., 2006. Sosial Kapital: Menuju Keunggulan Budaya Manusia Indonesia. Jakarta: MR-United Press
Heywood, Andrew. 2007. Politics. Third Edition. New York: Palgrave Foundation
Hirschman, Albert O. 1970. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
Hodess, Robin, dkk (eds) 2004. Global Corruption Report 2004: Special Focus Political Corruption, Londeon: Transparency International
Lau, Richard R dan Redlawsk, David P. 2006. How Voters Decide; Information Processing During Election Campaign. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Niemi, Richard G., dkk (eds), 2011. Controversies in Voting Behaviour, Fifth Edition. Washington DC: CQ Press.
Rifai, Amzulian. 2003. Politik Uang Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Indonesia . Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia
Schaffer, Frederic Charles (ed). 2007. Elections for Sale; The Causes and Consequences of Vote Buying. Manila: Ateneo De Manila University Press
Ward, Gene, dkk. 2003. Money in Politics Handbook: A Guide to Increasing Transparency in emerging Democracies. Technical Publication Series. Washington: USAID
Woshinsky, Oliver. H. 2008. Explaining Politics: Cultures, Institutions, and Political Behaviour, New York: Routledge
Yunus, Rasid. 2014. Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal (Local Genius) Sebagai Penguat Karakter Bangsa: Studi Empiris Tentang Huyula. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Zuckerman, Alan S (ed). 2005. The Social Logic of Politics: Personal Networks as Contexts for Political Behaviour. Philadelphia: Temple University Press
JURNAL
Bartels, Larry M. 2000. “Partisanship and Voting Behaviour 1952-1996, “American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 44, No.1 ( Jan 2000), hal. 35-50
Bratton, Michael. 2008. “Vote Buying and Violence in Nigerian Election Campaignâ€. Working Paper No 99. Afro Barometer, June 2008.
Bird, Kelly dan Hill. 2007. “Making Trade Policy in a New Democracy after a Deep Crisis: Indonesia, “Economics RSPAS Working Papers 2007-01, Australian National University.
Brusco, Valeria; nazareno, Marcelo and Stokes, Susan C. 2004. “Vote Buying in Argentinaâ€, Latin American Research Review, Volume 39 Nomor 2 June 2004, hal: 66-88
Buehler, Michael dan Tan, Paige. 2007. “Party –Candidate Relationship in Indonesian Local Politics: A Case Study of The 2005 Regional Elections in Gowa South Sulawesi Provinceâ€. Journal INDONESIA Nomor 84, October 2007, hal: 41-69
Fox, Jonathan. 1994 “ The Difficult Transition from Clientelism to Citizenship; Lessons from Mexico,†World Politics, Volume 46 Nomor 2 hal 151-184, Juli 1994
Fukuyama, Francis (1995), Trust: The Social Virtues and The Creation of Prosperity, New York: the Free Press
Fukuyama, Francis (2000). Social Capital and Civil Society. International Monetary Fund Working Paper, WP/00/74, 1-8. In Elinor Ostrom and T.K. Ahn. 2003. Foundation of Social Capital. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
Hidayat, Syarief. 2007, “Shadow State� Business and Politics in the province of Banten, in Nordholt, Henk Schulte & van Klinken, Gerry. Renegotiating Boundaries, Local Politics in Post Soeharto Indonesia . KITLV Press Leiden, pp. 203-224
Liddle, William dan Mujani, Syaiful. 2007. “Leadership, Party and Religion: Explaining Voting Behaviour in Indonesia. “Comparative Political Studies, Volume 40 Nomor 7, hal 832-857.
Liddle, William dan Mujani, Syaiful. 2010. “Indonesia: Personalities, Parties and Voters†Journal of Democracy, Volume 21 No 2, hal, 35-49
Onyx, J (1996), “The Measure of Social Capitalâ€, paper presented to Australian and New Zealand Third Sector Research Conference on Social Cohesion, Justice and Citizenship: The Role of Voluntary Sector, Victoria University, Wellington
Schaffer, F.C and Schedler, A. 2007, “What is Vote Buyingâ€, in F.C. Schaffer (ed), Election for Sale: The Causes and Consequences of Vote Buying, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder, pp. 17-30.
Stokes, Susan C. “Pervence Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina†American Political Science Review, Volume 99 No 3 tahun 2005, hal 315 -325.
Vicente, Pedro C dan Wantchekon, Leonard. 2009. “Clientelism and Vote Buying: Lessons from Field Experiments In African Electionsâ€. The Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 25 Nomor 2 Tahun 2009, hal:292-305
Woolcock, M & D. Narayan. 2000. Social Capital: Implication for Development Theory, Research, and Policy. World Bank Research Observer, 15(2), August, 225-49. In Elinor Ostrom and T.K. Ahn. 2003. Foundation of Social Capital. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited
DOKUMEN dan SUMBER LAIN
Founding Fathers House. 2017. Persepsi Publik terhadap Politik Uang dan Peran Bawaslu.
Indikator Politik Indonesia, 2013. Sikap dan Perilaku Pemilih Terhadap Politik Uang, Survey Nasional Maret 2013.
Ismail S. 1999. Social Capital A Multifaceted Perspective. Washington DC: World Bank
LPPM Universitas AlMuslim Kabupaten Bireuen Aceh, 2015. Money Politic dalam Pemilu 2014 di Kabupaten Bireuen Aceh. KIP kabupaten Bireuen Aceh dan LPPM Universitas AlMuslim.
Nurdin, Ali, 2014. Politik Uang dan Perilaku Memilih dalam Pemilihan Gubernur Banten 2011 di Kabupaten Pandeglang. Disertasi Pasca Sarjana Universitas Padjadajaran.
KPU Kabupaten Bandung Barat, 2014. Praktek Politik Uang Pada Pemilu Legislatif 2014, Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Abdul Syani. Piil Pesenggiri : Falsafah Hidup Masyarakat Lampung https://www.nyokabar.com/berita-768-piil-pesenggiri--falsafah-hidup-masyarakat-lampung.html di akses 21 September 2018
Bob Aditya, Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah https://www.selasar.com/jurnal/36436/Adat-Basandi-Syarak-Syarak-Basandi-Kitabullah diunduh 21 September 2018
Robi Cahyadi Kurniawan, Bahaya Nalar Permisif Pemilih dalam Pemilu, https://news.detik.com/kolom/d-3464381/bahaya-nalar-permisif-pemilih-dalam-pemilu, diakses pada 20 September 2018.